Guide

Fire stopping defects

Risers and plant areas: what to look for

Quick answer
Risers and plant areas change constantly, so they’re common locations for passive fire breaches: unsealed penetrations, incorrect materials, missing collars/wraps, and damaged riser linings. The fix is a repeatable process: survey, register defects with precise locations, remediate with suitable systems, and close out with evidence.

Overview

Risers and plant areas change over time: additional services get installed, penetrations get widened, and making-good can be inconsistent. That’s why these areas are common locations for passive fire breaches.

What to focus on when inspecting

In risers and plant spaces, “neat” isn’t the same as “compliant”. Focus on:

  • the opening (size/shape)
  • the services (type/material)
  • the substrate (wall/floor construction)
  • the system used to reinstate the line

If any of those are unknown, treat it as a risk and escalate for competent review.

Common defects

Defect typeWhat it looks likeWhy it matters
Unsealed penetrationsGaps around cables/pipes/trayBreach of a fire-resisting line
Unsuitable materialsFoam/loose mortar with no systemOften untested and hard to defend
Missing collars/wrapsPlastic pipe with sealant onlyPipe can melt away, leaving a void
Oversized openings“Made bigger” later with partial making-goodHarder to reinstate without a proper system
Poor riser linings/boxingMissing boards, gaps at edgesHidden paths within the shaft
No records/labellingNo system details, no IDs/photosCreates rework and repeat defects

Additional common issues we see (depending on access and building type):

  • multiple service types through one opening with no clear system solution
  • damaged or missing access hatch seals and frames (where relevant)
  • missing compartmentation above ceilings within riser cupboards

How to turn findings into a practical remedial plan

The difference between “a list of problems” and “a plan” is structure.

Step 1: Create a defect register

Your register should include:

  • a unique reference
  • a location string that someone can physically find (block/level/riser ID/face)
  • service type(s)
  • defect description
  • priority and recommended next action

Step 2: Package remedials sensibly

For procurement and delivery, group by:

  • area (riser/plant room)
  • access constraints
  • service types (so installers can prepare correct systems)

A simple priority guide

This isn’t a substitute for competent judgement, but it’s a useful starting point for programme planning.

PriorityTypical indicatorsNext action
UrgentLarge unsealed openings, multiple floors connected, high-risk area (stair/escape routes, main risers)Make safe and scope remedials quickly; document constraints
PlannedSmaller breaches in lower-risk areas with good accessSchedule into a remedial package; keep a target date
Monitor / confirmUnclear system, limited access, needs intrusive checkAgree next inspection step and assumption clearly

Step 3: Close-out evidence

At minimum, retain:

  • before/after photos where useful
  • a note of what was installed
  • confirmation of exclusions and constraints

How it works

  1. Survey — targeted inspection of risers/plant areas.
  2. Record — defect register with precise locations and photos where helpful.
  3. Prioritise — urgent vs planned, aligned to the fire risk assessment.
  4. Remediate — using suitable, tested systems installed correctly.
  5. Close out — evidence pack linked back to the register.

High-risk patterns we see

  • “Swiss cheese” riser walls with multiple unsealed openings around cable trays
  • large builders work openings left oversized with partial making-good
  • mixed service penetrations (pipes + cables + ducts) treated as one generic seal
  • repeated maintenance visits creating new small breaches that never make it into a register

How to prevent repeat breaches

Once a riser is brought back to a reasonable baseline, keep it there:

  • give each riser a clear ID and label faces internally
  • require any new penetration to be made good immediately (not “later”)
  • define who is allowed to create penetrations and what evidence they must provide
  • add simple periodic checks of risers/plant areas into planned maintenance

If you run multiple contractors on a live site, the simplest control is a handover rule: no new penetration is “complete” until it’s made good, photographed, and added to the register.

What to photograph and record

To make close-out defensible, capture evidence that shows:

  • the opening and service types before works
  • the finished seal after works (wide shot + close-up)
  • the location reference (label, riser ID, level) so evidence can’t be misfiled

What to include in a works pack (so contractors can price fairly)

ItemWhy it prevents rework
Register export with IDs/locationsStops “we couldn’t find it” disputes
Access rules (escorts, hours, permits)Reduces delays and aborted visits
Assumptions/exclusionsPrevents scope creep and arguments
Making-good responsibilitiesClarifies who reinstates boxing/finishes

FAQs

Why do we keep seeing new defects after “we fixed the risers”?

Because risers are live service routes. Without a maintained register and a control process for future penetrations, new works will create new breaches.

Can our general maintenance team patch small openings?

Only if the correct system is known, the installer is competent, and the work is recorded. Ad-hoc materials and untested “stuffing” are common causes of non-compliance.

What’s the simplest way to reduce repeat issues?

Number risers and faces, keep a defect register, and require any new penetrations to be made good to an agreed standard with evidence.

Do we need to label fire stopping?

Labelling can help future maintenance teams avoid disturbing compliant seals and can make audits easier. At a minimum, make sure your register and photos make it clear what was installed and where, so future works don’t accidentally remove or damage it.