Fire Protection

Fire Stopping Around Containment

Cable trays, trunking, and common defects

Quick answer
Containment penetrations often fail because services change over time. A durable fix documents the penetration, uses an appropriate tested system for the mixed services, and includes close-out evidence so later trades can reinstate fire stopping after modifications.

Overview

Cable trays and trunking create complex penetrations:

  • multiple cables
  • changing occupancy over time
  • irregular gaps that are hard to “patch” properly

That’s why containment routes are frequently flagged in compartmentation surveys.

Why containment penetrations are a repeat-defect hotspot

Containment is different to a single pipe or cable:

  • mixed services (data, power, alarms, controls) change over time
  • cables are often added quickly during fit-outs and upgrades
  • trays and trunking create long, awkward gaps (including above and behind runs)

That combination is why you often see the same risers and corridors repeatedly flagged on surveys.

Where to look first (if you’re triaging a site)

If you’re trying to find the highest-likelihood defects quickly, start with:

  • risers serving multiple floors
  • plant areas where containment is dense
  • corridor ceiling voids where trays pass through compartment lines
  • IT/comms rooms with frequent change
  • any area with recent refurbishments (kitchens, bathrooms, fit-outs)

These are the places where “it was fine last year” becomes “it’s open again this year”.

What “good” looks like in plain terms

A durable approach usually has three ingredients:

  1. A stable reference (defect ID + location that won’t change)
  2. A tested system approach (not “just foam it”) appropriate for the substrate and service mix
  3. Close-out evidence so future trades can reinstate correctly after changes

If any of these is missing, defects tend to come back.

Simple priority guide (table)

PriorityTypical scenarioWhy
P1open voids on protected routes (stair/lobby), or major breaches in risershigher life-safety exposure
P2incomplete seals, damaged materials, one-face-only workslikely to fail audits and re-checks
P3minor tidy-up, documentation gaps where seal appears soundimprove governance and future maintenance

Common defects

  • open voids around trays or trunking
  • ad hoc foam/filler without proper system detail
  • incomplete sealing at the rear or above tray runs
  • later cables added without reinstating fire stopping

Typical defect patterns (table)

What you seeWhy it’s a problemWhat a sensible fix usually involves
Open void around tray/trunkingsmoke/fire can pass around the servicesystem-based sealing detail appropriate to the opening
Foam used as the only “fire stop”generic foam often isn’t a tested fire stopping systemremove/replace with tested system; evidence the method
Fire stopping only on one facebreach can remain on the unseen sidecheck both faces where accessible; record constraints
Incomplete seal above traycommon “hidden gap”inspection + sealing of the full perimeter
Later cables added through the sealbreaks the system continuitychange-control: reinstate after every modification

Scoping remedials that survive follow-on works

The goal is not just to “make the photo look sealed” today — it’s to avoid rework six months later.

Step-by-step scoping (table)

StepWhat to doOutput
1. Define the survey areaconfirm risers/rooms/levels and which compartments are in scopescope note + plan markup
2. Create stable IDsassign defect IDs linked to locationsdefect register
3. Record service mixnote cable types/volumes and any trunkingphotos + notes
4. Choose system typesselect tested systems appropriate to substrate and openingspecification note
5. Set evidence requirementsdecide what photos/labels are required at close-outclose-out checklist
6. Include change-controlset rules for reinstatement after cable additionsprocess note

What to ask for in the close-out pack

Containment remedials are hard to defend later without a tidy evidence pack.

Close-out evidence checklist (table)

ItemWhy it matters
Defect register marked closedproves what was completed
Photos (before/after) with defect ID visiblemakes audits and re-checks possible
System reference / method statement summaryavoids “unknown material” later
Exceptions list (no access / constraints)stops false confidence
Maintenance / change-control noteprevents re-opening during future works

Simple change-control rule (so defects don’t reappear)

If cables are added or removed, you want one simple operational rule:

  • No cable modifications through compartment lines without reinstatement and a recorded close-out.

In practice that can be as simple as:

  • permit-to-work requirement for risers
  • labelled “fire stopping zones” with instructions
  • a named person/team responsible for reinstatement sign-off

A lightweight change-control workflow (table)

StageWhat happensEvidence
Before worksidentify whether the route crosses a compartment linepermit / brief
During worksprevent ad hoc cable adds through sealed zonessupervision / photos
After worksreinstate fire stopping and update registerclose-out photo + status update

FAQs

Can we just “seal around the tray” and leave the rest?

Often no. Trays create gaps above/behind runs, and fire stopping may be needed on both faces. If you can’t access a face, record it as an exception and plan how you’ll address it.

Do we need to remove existing foam?

If it’s not part of a tested system (or it’s deteriorated/damaged), it’s usually better to remove and replace with a system-based detail. At minimum, the outcome should be evidence-led and defensible.

What’s the biggest reason defects come back?

Follow-on works. Without clear IDs, documentation, and change-control, later trades add cables and the breach reappears.

What good remedials usually include

  • clear defect register and location references
  • system-based remediation (not generic “seal it” instructions)
  • a close-out pack with photos where practical

Note

This article is general information. Align remedials to competent guidance, manufacturer/system requirements, and the building’s fire strategy.